Current topics in developmental biology. Volume 129, Human embryonic stem cells in development / edited by Ali H. Brivanlou, Ph.D. -- Cambridge, MA : Academic Press, An imprint of Elsevier, 2018. – (58.12 /C976 /v.129)

Contents

Contributors

Preface

1. Modeling Mammalian Gastrulation With Embryonic Stem Cells

    1. Introduction

    2. Mathematical Preliminaries

    3. Colony Architecture

    4. Spatial Patterning of Cell Fates

    5. Conclusions

    Acknowledgment

    References

2. What Can Stem Cell Models Tell Us About Human Germ Cell Biology?

    1. Introduction

    2. Signaling for Germ Cell Specification in Mammalian Embryos

    3. Permissive Cell State for Germ Cell Specification in the Embryo

    4. Inducing Germline Competency in Pluripotent Stem Cells

    5. Transcription Factors for Human Germ Cell Specification and Epigenetic Resetting

    6. In Vitro Germ Cell Induction Beyond PGC Specification

    7. Misregulation of Germ Cell Development

    8. Perspective

    Acknowledgments

    References

    Further Reading

3. From Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to Cortical Circuits

    1. Introduction

    2. Conserved Features of Mammalian Corticogenesis

    3. Cortical Organoids: Adding a New Dimension in Cortical Modeling

    4. Divergent Features of Corticogenesis

    5. Modeling Early Neurodevelopmental Disorders Striking the Human Cortex

    6. Modeling Late Neurodevelopment of the Human Cortex

    7. Conclusion and Perspective

    Acknowledgments

    References

    Further Reading

4. Studying the Brain in a Dish: 3D Cell Culture Models of Human Brain Development and Disease

    1. Introduction

    2. Directed Differentiation of Human CNS Cell Types From iPSCs

    3. Future Prospects for Improved 3D Brain Models

    4. Modeling Neuropsychiatric Disease In Vitro

    5. 2D and 3D Models of Neuropsychiatric Disease

    6. Conclusions

    References

5. The Long Road to Making Muscle In Vitro

    1. Overview of Muscle Development

    2. Sox2+/T+ Neuromesodermal Progenitors (NMPs) Represent the First Step in Myogenic Differentiation In Vitro

    3. PSM Formation From NMPs

    4. Crossing the Determination Front

    5. Induced PM Cells Drift to a Lateral Plate Fate in Absence of BMP Inhibition

    6. Recapitulation of Myogenesis In Vitro

    7. Generation of the Pax7+ Myogenic Lineage In Vitro

    8. Conclusion

    Acknowledgments

    References

 6. Recapitulating and Deciphering Human Pancreas Development From Human Pluripotent Stem Cells in a Dish

    1. Introduction

    2. Endoderm Induction and Patterning

    3. Pancreatic Endoderm Induction and Maintenance

 4. Pancreas Expansion

 5. Emergence of an Exocrine Gland: Formation of Branches and Segregation of the Acinar Lineage

 6. Endocrine Specification Through a Transient NEUROG3+ State

 7. Launching the Endocrine Program Downstream of NEUROG3

 8. Differentiating the Five Endocrine Subtypes

 9. From the Production of Endocrine Cell Types From PSCs to Therapies

10. Outlook

Acknowledgments

Conflict of Interest

References