Nutrition and science : a darwinian perspective on nutritional medicine / by John A A Nichols. -- Newcastle upon Tyne, UK : Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2019. – (61.115/N616)

Contents

Preface

Chapter One  The Case for Nutritional Medicine as a Science

     1.1. The public, the health professional and nutritional medicine

     1.2. Confusion of Nutritional Medicine with Homeopathy and other branches of alternative medicine

     1.3. Changing attitudes of public and profession to Nutritional Medicine

     1.4. Arguments for and against nutritional supplements

     1.5. EU food supplements directive: another European directive-what will it mean?

     1.6. Controversies on diet, food allergy and behaviour: is "food allergy" just an excuse for bad behaviour?

     1.7. New evidence for probiotic use in primary care: are probiotics a commercial scare or real science?

     1.8. Gene-nutrient interactions: one man's meat is another man's poison - genetic proof?.

     1.9. New developments in epidemiology and nutritional science: how scientific is nutritional advice in primary care?

     1.10. How Darwinism helps us to interpret Nutritional Medicine

Chapter Two  The Gastrointestinal Tract and the Immune System

     2.1. The gut as a window on the world

     2.2. Gut as the principal site of the immune system

     2.3. Irritable bowel syndrome

     2.4. Inflammatory bowel disease

     2.5. Colon cancers

     2.6. Diverticulitis

     2.7. Brain Body and Gut: symptoms caused by gut disorders beyond the gut

     2.8. Diagnosis and treatment of food allergy and food intolerance

     2.9. Probiotic efficacy and quality control

     2.10. Unfinished business: nutritional remedies for infectious illnesses?                                                                    

Chapter Three  Nutrition, Sexual Health and Reproduction

     3.1. Fertility - lessons from human history

     3.2. Influence of nutrition in childhood and adolescence on reproduction

     3.3. Why is folio acid so important?

     3.4. How important is optimal nutrition for nutrients other than folic acid before and during pregnancy?

     3.5. Nutrition during pregnancy

    3.6. Lactation and maternal nutrition

     3.7. Menopause and nutrition

Chapter Four  Nutrition and Diseases of Modern Life

     4.1. Diseases of affluence (delayed misfortune, sedentary lifestyle, Paleolithic diet etc.)

     4.2. Vitamins, mineral and antioxidants and modern diseases

     4.3. Antioxidants, free radicals and controversy

     4.4. The metabolic syndrome and its consequences

     4.5. Diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease

     4.6. Management of cardiovascular risk

     4.7. The chronic fatigue syndrome and modern life

     4.8. Cancer and the 20th century

     4.9. Is it junk food?

Chapter Five  Nutrition and the Brain

     5.1. How the brain is both similar to and different from other organs

     5.2. Evolution, brain lipids and mental illness

     5.3. Vitamins and minerals and the brain

     5.4. Homocysteine and the brain

     5.5. Vitamins, minerals, bad behaviour and IQ tests

     5.6. Autism, opioids and the leaky gut

     5.7. Food and mood - how every day food and drink affect your state of mind

     5.8. Unfinished business - other aspects of brain, diet and nutritional medicine

Chapter Six  Nutrition and Human Ageing

     6.1. Do we all want to live longer?

     6.2. Causes of human ageing and associated nutritional issues

     6.3. Health and nutrition in old age

     6.4. Calorie restriction and longevity in humans

     6.5. Anorexia, malabsorption and malnutrition

     6.6. Sarcopenia, osteopenia, osteoporosis, osteomalacia

     6.7. More about vitamin D

     6.8. Nutritional aspects of arthritis and rheumatism

     6.9. Nutrition and eye health

     6.10. Human ageing and cancer

     6.11. Does taking supplements slow the ageing process?

Chapter Seven  Nutrition, Infancy and Childhood

     7.1. Childhood and nutrition issues covered in previous chapters

     7.2. Should children eat exactly the same as adults?

     7.3. Breast milk versus formula feeds

     7.4. Cow milk allergy and intolerance

     7.5. Micronutrients, essential fatty acids and the developing infant

     7.6. Controversial issues of early weaning and top-up formula feeds

     7.7. Weaning in more detail

     7.8. School dinners, childhood obesity and politics

     7.9. Use of supplements in children

     7.10 Growing up in a changing future

Chapter Eight  Gene-Nutrient Interactions

     8.1. Deciphering the human genome

     8.2. Simplified genetics

     8.3. Examples of gene-nutrient interactions in common conditions

     8.4. Modulation of nuclear transcription factors by nutrients

     8.5. Summary of current state of Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics and future prospects

Appendix I  Glossary of Terms and Acronyms

Appendix II  Preconception Leaflet

Appendix III  Nutritional Medicine Supplements

Appendix IV  Drug-Nutrient Interactions

Appendix V  Tests for Estimation of Nutritional Status

Index