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The anatomical basis of mouse development / by Matthew H. Kaufman and Jonathan B.L. Bard. — San Diego : Academic Press, c1999.—(59.191938/K21a) |
Contents
Contents
1 INTRODUCTION 1
2 THE EARLY STAGES 4
2.1 From fertilization to implantation 4
Maturation of the egg 4
The immediate effects of fertilization (TS 1-2， 0-24 hours) 5
Post-fertilization events (TS 2-3， 1-2 days) 9
The preimplantation stages (TS 4-5， 3-4 days) 10
Implantation (TS 6-8， 4.5-6 days) 11
2.2 The postimplantation embryo 15
Staging early postimplantation mouse embryos 15
The late egg cylinder (TS 9， 6.5 days) 16
The primitive streak stage (TS 10， 6.5-7 days) 18
Early neurulation (TS 11， 7.5 days) 18
Early human embryonic development 19
2.3 Postimplantation extra-embryonic development 23
Formation of amniotic， exocoelomic and ectoplacental cavities， and the fate of the amnion and chorion 23
"Turning" and the reorganization of the membranes 26
The yolk sac 26
The umbilical cord and placenta 27
2.4 Early organogenesis 33
The external appearance of the embryo 33
Early neurulation 36
Neural crest migration 36
The early auditory system 36
Mesoderm differentiation and semite formation 37
The early cardiovascular system 37
The primitive gut 39
The septum transversum 39
The diaphragm 40
The intraembryonic cavities 42
3 THE TRANSITIONAL TISSUES 47
3.1 The neural crest 47
Origin 48
Cephalic neural crest 48
The occipital region and spinal cord 49
3.2 Somites and their derivatives (muscles， dermis and vertebrae) 51
Somite formation and breakdown 51
The myotome and musculature 52
The dermatome and dermis 55
The sclerotomes and vertebral axis 55
3.3 The branchial arch system 60
The branchial arch arteries 63
The branchial arch cartilages 68
The nerve supply of the branchial arches 69
The branchial grooves (clefts) 70
The branchial pouches 72
Branchial arch derived muscles 76
4 THE MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS 77
4.1 The heart and its associated vascular system 77
The development of the heart 77
The arterial and venous systems 87
Post-birth changes 91
4.2 The limbs 93
Normal development 93
Bone formation 96
Muscle formation 102
The blood supply of the limbs 103
The nerves 105
4.3 The urogenital system 109
The renal system 109
The early stages 111
The metanephros 114
Later development of the renal system 115
The autonomic nerve supply to the kidney 117
The genital system 117
Primordial germ cells 118
The early "indifferent" gonad stages 119
The female gonads and reproductive duct system 121
The male gonads and reproductive duct system 123
The external genitalia 127
Autonomic nerve supply to the gonads 128
Implications for genetic analysis 128
4.4 The gut and its associated tissues 129
Early gut development 129
The foregut 132
The midgut 134
The hindgut 138
Gut function 139
Systems and organs associated with the gut 143
The lower respiratory tract and lungs 143
The derivatives of the septum transversum 147
The liver 149
The spleen 152
The pancreas and gall bladder 152
4.5 The mouth and nose region 156
The early stages 157
The palate 158
The nasal cavities， nasal septum and vomeronasal organ 161
The external nose and nasal cartilages and bones 162
The tongue 162
The thyroid gland 165
The sublingual， submandibular and parotid salivary glands 166
The lips 167
The vibrissae 169
The teeth 169
4.6 The brain and spinal cord 171
The basic subdivisions of the central nervous system 173
Early neural tube development (TS 11-16) 178
The forebrain 179
The meninges and choroid plexus 184
The midbrain 185
The hindbrain 186
Blood supply of the brain 188
The spinal cord 189
The peripheral nervous system 191
Appendix: The pituitary 192
4.7 The eye and the ear 194
The eye 194
The early stages 194
The lens 195
The retina 195
The cornea， iris and pupil 197
The eyelids and other peripheral tissue 198
The nerve supply 198
The musculature 199
The blood supply 199
The ear 202
The inner ear 202
The middle ear 202
The external ear 204
The nerve supply 205
The blood supply 206
Appendix: Functions of the auditory~vestibular apparatus 206
Hearing 206
Vestibular function 207
4.8 The skull 209
The evolutional context 209
Membrane and dermal bones (the calvarium) 213
The chondrocranium and cranial base 214
The vault of the skull 215
The facial skeleton (viscerocranium) 216
The blood supply 217
5 THE INDEXES 218
5.1 Introduction 218
5.2 Table of mouse and rat developmental stages 220
5.3 The tissues present in each stage of mouse development 224
5.4 Index of first occurrences of tissues 255
5.5 Glossary 263
5.6 References 266
5.7 Author index 279
5.8 Tissue index 282
5.9 Subject index 288
THE WIRING (LINEAGE) DIAGRAMS
The general organization of the book (Figure 1.1) 2
Cell lineages in the early mouse embryo (Figure 2.2.2) 18
The branchial arches and their derivatives 61
The heart 78
The forelimb 94
The urogenital system
The renal system 110
The female genital system 120
The male genital system 124
The gut and its associated organs
The foregut 130
The foregut-midgut junction， midgut and hindgut 131
The respiratory system 142
The brain and spinal cord
The forebrain and pituitary 174
The midbrain and hindbrain 175
The eye 196
The ear 201
