Introduction to population biology / Dick Neal, University of Saskatchewan, Canada. -- 2nd ed. -- Cambridge, United Kingdom ; New York, NY : Cambridge University Press, 2019. – (58.184/N338/2nd ed.) |
Contents
Preface
Acknowledgements
Part I Evolution by Natural Selection
1 Darwin Questions the Fixity of Species
1.1 Darwin's Early Life and Education
1.2 The Earth's Crust: Uniformitarian and Catastrophist Theories
1.3 The Voyage of the Beagle (1831-1836)
1.4 The Experts Provide the Key (1836-1837)
2 Darwin's Evolutionary Theories
2.1 Darwin's Development of Evolutionary Theories
2.2 On the Origin of Species
2.3 The Reaction to his Theories
3 Understanding Natural Selection
3.1 Incorporating Genetics into Darwin's Theory
3.2 The Philosophy of Natural Selection
3.3 Is Natural Selection a Valid Scientific Theory?
3.4 The Argument from Design
3.5 Explaining the Seemingly Impossible
3.6 Conclusions
Part II Population Growth Models
4 Exponential Growth
4.1 Introducing Density-Independent Growth
4.2 Developing the Geometric and Exponential Growth Models
4.3 Applying the Geometric and Exponential Growth Models
4.4 Simulating Exponential and Geometric Growth
4.5 Two Examples of Exponential Growth
4.6 Summary and Conclusions
4.7 Problems
5 Logistic Growth
5.1 The Logistic Growth Model
5.2 Simulating Logistic Growth
5.3 Time Lags
5.4 Varying the Carrying Capacity
5.5 Examples of Logistic Growth
5.6 Maximum Sustainable Yield
5.7 Summary and Conclusions
5.8 Problems
6 Life Tables
6.1 Developing a Life Table
6.2 Different Types of Life Tables
6.3 Comparison of Life Tables
6.4 Summary and Conclusions
7 Growth of Age-Structured and Stage-Structured Populations
7.1 Population Growth Rates in Age-Structured Populations
7.2 Analysing the Influence of Demographic Variables on Population Growth Rates
7.3 Analysing Stage-Classified Life Cycles
7.4 Summary and Conclusions
7.5 Problem
8 Evolution of Life Histories
8.1 Reproductive Value
8.2 Frequency of Reproduction: Semelparity Versus Iteroparity
8.3 Life Span and Aging
8.4 Senescence: Comparing Theory and Empirical Observations
8.5 Summary
Part III Population Genetics and Evolution
9 The Hardy-Weinberg Principle
9.1 Terminology
9.2 Frequencies of Alleles, Genotypes and Phenotypes
9.3 The Hardy-Weinberg Principle
9.4 Applying the Hardy-Weinberg Principle
9.5 Complications
9.6 Non-Random Mating
9.7 Summary and Conclusions
9.8 Problems
10 Mutation and the Genetic Variation of Populations
10.1 Gene Mutations
10.2 The Randomness of Mutations
10.3 Mutation Rates and Evolution
10.4 Genetic Variation of Populations
10.5 Mutation and Genetic Variation in Humans
10.6 Summary and Conclusions
11 Genetic Drift and Effective Population Size
11.1 Genetic Drift in Idealized Populations
11.2 Genetic Drift in a Biological Population
11.3 Effective Population Size
11.4 Examples of Genetic Drift in Nature
11.5 Summary and Conclusions
12 Inbreeding
12.1 Quantifying Inbreeding
12.2 Consequences of Inbreeding
12.3 Summary and Conclusions
13 Migration, Gene Flow and Differentiation of Populations
13.1 One-way Migration: the Continent-Island Model
13.2 Island Model
13.3 Stepping-Stone Model
13.4 Populations with Large Continuous Distributions
13.5 Quantifying Population Subdivision
13.6 Estimating Gene Flow
13.7 Summary and Conclusions
13.8 Problems
14 Haploid and Zygotic Selection
14.1 Defining Fitness and Selection
14.2 Selection in Action
14.3 Modelling Haploid Selection
14.4 Conclusions About Haploid Selection
14.5 Zygotic Selection Models
14.6 Conclusions About Zygotic Selection
15 Applying Zygotic Selection Models to Natural Systems
15.1 Industrial Melanism
15.2 Sickle-Cell Anaemia
15.3 Eugenics
15.4 The Balance between Selection and Mutation
15.5 Summary and Conclusions
15.6 Problems
16 Polygenic Inheritance and Quantitative Genetics
16.1 Types of Quantitative Traits
16.2 Polygenic Inheritance
16.3 Partitioning Phenotypic Variation
16.4 Heritability
16.5 Response to Selection
16.6 Empirical Examples
16.7 Summary and Conclusions
16.8 Problem
17 Population Genetics: Summary and Synthesis
17.1 Mutations and Genetic Diversity
17.2 Genetic Differentiation of Populations
17.3 Limiting the Divergence between Subpopulations: Gene Flow
17.4 Evolution of New Adaptations
17.5 Epigenetics
Part IV Interactions between Species, and Community Structure
18 Interspecific Competition
18.1 The Lotka-Volterra Model of Interspecific Competition
18.2 Complicating the Model: Introducing a Removal Factor
18.3 Resource Competition Models
18.4 Evaluating Competition Models
18.5 Summary and Conclusions
18.6 Problems
19 Predator-Prey Interactions
19.1 Cycles in Predator-Prey Densities
19.2 The Lotka-Volterra Model of Predation
19.3 The Rosenzweig and MacArthur Graphical Model of Predation
19.4 Functional Responses of Predators
19.5 Choosing Where to Forage: Patch Selection
19.6 Prey Characteristics that Reduce the Risk of Predation
19.7 Summary and Conclusions
20 Species Interactions and Community Structure
20.1 The Trophic Structure of Communities
20.2 The Ecological Niche
20.3 Niche Evolution: Reducing Interspecific Competition
20.4 Empirical Examples Showing the Relationship between Species' Niches and Community Structure
20.5 Evolution of Niches: an Example
20.6 Predation, Herbivory and Community Structure
20.7 Parasites and Community Structure
20.8 Mutualism and Community Structure
20.9 Summary and Conclusions
Part V Animal Behaviour, Altruism and Sexual Selection
21 Animal Behaviour, Altruism and Limiting Aggression
21.1 Genetic Basis of Behaviour
21.2 The Development of Evolutionary Theories of Altruism
21.3 Studies of Kin Selection
21.4 Altruism: a Summary and Recent Developments
21.5 Aggressive Behaviour and Game Theory
21.6 Summary and Conclusions
22 Sexual Selection and Mating Systems
22.1 Sexual Selection, Parental Investment and Mating Systems
22.2 Examples of Sexual Selection
22.3 Animal Mating Systems
22.4 Summary and Conclusions
23 Epilogue
Glossary
Solutions to Problems
References
Index