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Introduction to population biology / Dick Neal, University of Saskatchewan, Canada. -- 2nd ed. -- Cambridge, United Kingdom ; New York, NY : Cambridge University Press, 2019. – (58.184/N338/2nd ed.)

Contents

Preface

Acknowledgements

Part I Evolution by Natural Selection

1  Darwin Questions the Fixity of Species

    1.1 Darwin's Early Life and Education

    1.2 The Earth's Crust: Uniformitarian and Catastrophist Theories

    1.3 The Voyage of the Beagle (1831-1836)

    1.4 The Experts Provide the Key (1836-1837)

2  Darwin's Evolutionary Theories

    2.1 Darwin's Development of Evolutionary Theories

    2.2 On the Origin of Species

    2.3 The Reaction to his Theories

3  Understanding Natural Selection

    3.1 Incorporating Genetics into Darwin's Theory

    3.2 The Philosophy of Natural Selection

    3.3 Is Natural Selection a Valid Scientific Theory?

    3.4 The Argument from Design

    3.5 Explaining the Seemingly Impossible

    3.6 Conclusions

Part II Population Growth Models

4  Exponential Growth

    4.1 Introducing Density-Independent Growth

    4.2 Developing the Geometric and Exponential Growth Models

    4.3 Applying the Geometric and Exponential Growth Models

    4.4 Simulating Exponential and Geometric Growth

    4.5 Two Examples of Exponential Growth

    4.6 Summary and Conclusions

    4.7 Problems

5  Logistic Growth

    5.1 The Logistic Growth Model

    5.2 Simulating Logistic Growth

    5.3 Time Lags

    5.4 Varying the Carrying Capacity

    5.5 Examples of Logistic Growth

    5.6 Maximum Sustainable Yield

    5.7 Summary and Conclusions

    5.8 Problems

6  Life Tables

    6.1 Developing a Life Table

    6.2 Different Types of Life Tables

    6.3 Comparison of Life Tables

    6.4 Summary and Conclusions

7  Growth of Age-Structured and Stage-Structured Populations

    7.1 Population Growth Rates in Age-Structured Populations

    7.2 Analysing the Influence of Demographic Variables on Population Growth Rates

    7.3 Analysing Stage-Classified Life Cycles

    7.4 Summary and Conclusions

    7.5 Problem

8  Evolution of Life Histories

    8.1 Reproductive Value

    8.2 Frequency of Reproduction: Semelparity Versus Iteroparity

    8.3 Life Span and Aging

    8.4 Senescence: Comparing Theory and Empirical Observations

    8.5 Summary

Part III Population Genetics and Evolution

9  The Hardy-Weinberg Principle

    9.1 Terminology

    9.2 Frequencies of Alleles, Genotypes and Phenotypes

    9.3 The Hardy-Weinberg Principle

    9.4 Applying the Hardy-Weinberg Principle

    9.5 Complications

    9.6 Non-Random Mating

    9.7 Summary and Conclusions

    9.8 Problems

10  Mutation and the Genetic Variation of Populations

    10.1 Gene Mutations

   10.2 The Randomness of Mutations

    10.3 Mutation Rates and Evolution

    10.4 Genetic Variation of Populations

    10.5 Mutation and Genetic Variation in Humans

    10.6 Summary and Conclusions

11  Genetic Drift and Effective Population Size

    11.1 Genetic Drift in Idealized Populations

    11.2 Genetic Drift in a Biological Population

    11.3 Effective Population Size

    11.4 Examples of Genetic Drift in Nature

    11.5 Summary and Conclusions

12  Inbreeding

    12.1 Quantifying Inbreeding

    12.2 Consequences of Inbreeding

    12.3 Summary and Conclusions

13  Migration, Gene Flow and Differentiation of Populations

    13.1 One-way Migration: the Continent-Island Model

    13.2 Island Model

    13.3 Stepping-Stone Model

    13.4 Populations with Large Continuous Distributions

    13.5 Quantifying Population Subdivision

    13.6 Estimating Gene Flow

    13.7 Summary and Conclusions

    13.8 Problems

14  Haploid and Zygotic Selection

    14.1 Defining Fitness and Selection

    14.2 Selection in Action

    14.3 Modelling Haploid Selection

    14.4 Conclusions About Haploid Selection

    14.5 Zygotic Selection Models

    14.6 Conclusions About Zygotic Selection

15  Applying Zygotic Selection Models to Natural Systems

    15.1 Industrial Melanism

    15.2 Sickle-Cell Anaemia

    15.3 Eugenics

    15.4 The Balance between Selection and Mutation

    15.5 Summary and Conclusions

    15.6 Problems

16  Polygenic Inheritance and Quantitative Genetics

    16.1 Types of Quantitative Traits

    16.2 Polygenic Inheritance

    16.3 Partitioning Phenotypic Variation

    16.4 Heritability

    16.5 Response to Selection

    16.6 Empirical Examples

    16.7 Summary and Conclusions

    16.8 Problem

17  Population Genetics: Summary and Synthesis

    17.1 Mutations and Genetic Diversity

    17.2 Genetic Differentiation of Populations

    17.3 Limiting the Divergence between Subpopulations: Gene Flow

    17.4 Evolution of New Adaptations

    17.5 Epigenetics

Part IV Interactions between Species, and Community Structure

18  Interspecific Competition

    18.1 The Lotka-Volterra Model of Interspecific Competition

    18.2 Complicating the Model: Introducing a Removal Factor

    18.3 Resource Competition Models

    18.4 Evaluating Competition Models

    18.5 Summary and Conclusions

    18.6 Problems

19  Predator-Prey Interactions

    19.1 Cycles in Predator-Prey Densities

    19.2 The Lotka-Volterra Model of Predation

    19.3 The Rosenzweig and MacArthur Graphical Model of Predation

    19.4 Functional Responses of Predators

    19.5 Choosing Where to Forage: Patch Selection

    19.6 Prey Characteristics that Reduce the Risk of Predation

    19.7 Summary and Conclusions

20  Species Interactions and Community Structure

    20.1 The Trophic Structure of Communities

    20.2 The Ecological Niche

    20.3 Niche Evolution: Reducing Interspecific Competition

    20.4 Empirical Examples Showing the Relationship between Species' Niches and Community Structure

    20.5 Evolution of Niches: an Example

    20.6 Predation, Herbivory and Community Structure

    20.7 Parasites and Community Structure

    20.8 Mutualism and Community Structure

    20.9 Summary and Conclusions

Part V Animal Behaviour, Altruism and Sexual Selection

21  Animal Behaviour, Altruism and Limiting Aggression

    21.1 Genetic Basis of Behaviour

    21.2 The Development of Evolutionary Theories of Altruism

    21.3 Studies of Kin Selection

    21.4 Altruism: a Summary and Recent Developments

    21.5 Aggressive Behaviour and Game Theory

    21.6 Summary and Conclusions

22  Sexual Selection and Mating Systems

    22.1 Sexual Selection, Parental Investment and Mating Systems

    22.2 Examples of Sexual Selection

    22.3 Animal Mating Systems

    22.4 Summary and Conclusions

23  Epilogue

    Glossary

    Solutions to Problems

    References

    Index