Industrial biotechnology : sustainable growth and economic success / edited by Wim Soetaert and Erick J. Vandamme. — Weinheim : Wiley-VCH ; Chichester : John Wiley [distributor], c2010. -- (29.2722/I42) |
Contents
Contents
Preface xv
List of Contributors XVII
The Scope and Impact of Industrial Biotechnology 1
1 History of Industrial Biotechnology 17
1.1 Early History 17
1.2 The Penicillin Story 22
1.3 The Coming of the Cephalosporins 29
1.4 The Waksman Era 31
1.5 Strain Improvement 33
1.6 Semi-Synthetic Antibiotics to Combat Resistant Microbes 35
1.7 The Primary Metabolites 36
1.8 The Shift from Antibiotics to Pharmacological Agents 46
1.9 The Biopharmaceutical Revolution 53
1.10 Recombinant Hosts 61
1.11 Enzymes 64
1.12 Bioconversions 67
1.13 Vaccines 67
1.14 Systems Microbiology 67
References 68
2 Industrial Systems Biology 79
2.1 Introduction 79
2.2 Industrial Biotechnology 80
2.3 Market Drivers for Industrial Biotechnology 85
2.4 Industrial Systems Biology 86
2.5 Metabolic Models 89
2.6 Reconstructed Metabolic Network Models 105
2.7 Industrial Systems Biology Case Studies 121
2.8 Conclusion and Future Perspectives 131
References 134
3 Fermentation Technology 149
3.1 Introduction 149
3.2 Types of Fermentations 149
3.3 Fermentation Process 150
3.4 Fermentation Medium Design 154
3.5 Sterilization of Air and Fermentation Medium 155
3.6 Environmental Factors 156
3.7 Fermentation Kinetics 157
3.8 Fermentation Equipment 159
3.9 Recovery of Fermentation Products 169
3.10 Concluding Remarks 170
References 170
4 Directed Evolution of Industrial Biocatalysts 173
4.1 Introduction 173
4.2 Strategies for Protein Design 174
4.3 Assay Systems 179
4.4 Examples 186
4.5 Conclusions 191
References 197
5 The Industrial Production of Enzymes 207
5.1 Introduction 207
5.2 Enzyme Production 208
5.3 Enzyme Improvement 213
5.4 Large-Scale Enzyme Applications 216
5.5 Conclusions 223
References 224
6 Applied Biocatalysis: An Overview 227
6.1 Introduction 227
6.2 The Design of the Bioconversion System 229
6.3 Bioreactors 243
6.4 Rationalizing and Speeding up the Development and Characterization of a Bioconversion Process 244
6.5 Concluding Remarks 246
Acknowledgments 247
References 247
7 Nanobiotechnology 251
7.1 Setting the Stage 251
7.2 Industrial Perspective 252
7.3 Nanotechnology in Biology and Biochemistry 253
7.4 Biomimicry 254
7.5 Materials and Products 259
7.6 Processes and Devices 266
7.7 Outlook 271
References 272
8 Downstream Processing in Industrial Biotechnology 279
8.1 Introduction 279
8.2 Separations in Industrial Biotechnology 281
8.3 Examples of Downstream Processing of Different Product Groups 312
Acknowledgments 318
References 319
9 Industrial Biotechnology in the Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industries 323
9.1 Introduction 323
9.2 Biocatalytic Processes: Scientific and Technological Perspectives 324
9.3 Biocatalytic Processes: Business and Commercial Perspective 338
9.4 Safety, Health, and the Environmental Perspective 341
9.5 Outlook 342
Acknowledgments 348
References 348
10 Industrial Biotechnology in the Food and Feed Sector 351
10.1 Introduction 351
10.2 Food Applications 352
10.3 Food and Feed Applications 361
10.4 Feed Applications 370
References 374
11 Industrial Biotechnology in the Paper and Pulp Sector
11.1 Introduction 385
11.2 Enzymes for the Pulp and Paper Industry 387
11.3 Enzymes as Process Aids 392
11.4 Enzymes for Product Design 401
11.5 Biorefinery Concepts 403
11.6 Conclusions 404
References 405
12 Biofuels: Production and Applications 413
12.1 A Renewed Interest in Biofuels 413
12.2 Present Conversion Pathways 413
12.3 Biodiesel Production from Vegetable Oils and Fats 416
12.4 Ethanol and ETBE Production 419
12.5 The Need for New Developments 421
12.6 Lignocellulosic Biomass Resources 422
12.7 Production of Ethanol from Lignocellulosic Biomass 422
12.8 Production of Biofuels Through the Thermochemical Pathway 425
12.9 Biorefineries 428
12.10 Biofuels and Sustainability 429
12.11 Conclusion 430
References 431
13 Environmental and Economic Aspects of Industrial Biotechnology 433
13.1 Introduction 433
13.2 Methodology 434
13.3 Overall Results 444
13.4 Conclusions 451
References 452
14 Societal Issues in Industrial Biotechnology 457
14.1 Introduction 457
14.2 The Impact of Industrial Biotechnology 459
14.3 Public Perceptions of Industrial Biotechnology 461
14.4 Societal Issues in Industrial Biotechnology 469
14.5 Conclusions and Discussion: A Joint Agenda for the Smooth Introduction of Acceptable Sustainable Industrial Biotechnology 479
Acknowledgement 481
References 481
Index 485