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新书资源(2010年12月)

Biopharmaceuticals in plants : toward the next century of medicine / Kathleen Laura Hefferon. — Boca Raton, Fla. : CRC, c2010. – (58.80581/H461)

Contents

    Contents
    
    Preface xiii
    Acknowledgments xv
    The Author xvii
    Chapter 1 History of Plants in Production of Biopharmaceuticals 1
    1.1 Introduction
    1.2 History of Vaccine Development
    1.3 History of Vaccine Proteins Produced in Plants
    1.4 Transformation of Plant Tissue
    1.5 Agrobacterium tumefaciens-Mediated Plant Transformation
    1.6 Other Transformation Techniques 14
    1.7 Problems Associated with Transformation Techniques 15
    1.8 Transformation of Cereals 16
    1.9 Hairy Root Transformation 17
    1.10 Selectable Marker Genes 17
    1.11 Regulation of Transgene Expression 18
    1.12 Conclusions 23
    References 23
    Chapter 2 Transgenic Plants Expressing Vaccine and Therapeutic Proteins 27
    2.1 Introduction 27
    2.2 Transgenic Plants Expressing Vaccines against Diarrheal Diseases 28
    2.3 Animal Vaccines Produced in Plants 36
    2.4 The Use of Antibodies in Plants as Immunotherapeutic Agents 39
    2.5 Other Biopharmaceuticals and Therapeutic Agents Produced in Plants 42
    2.6 Enhancement of Plants for Nutritional or Medicinal Purposes (Nutriceuticals)
    2.7 Conclusions 49
    References 49
    Chapter 3 Chloroplast Engineering and Production of Biopharmaceuticals 57
    3.1 Introduction 57
    3.2 Differences between Nuclear and Plastid Transformations 59
    3.3 Plastid Transformation 59
    3.4 History of Plastid Transformation and Biotechnological Applications 68
    3.5 Vaccines and Therapeutic Proteins Produced in Chloroplasts 69
    3.6 Conclusions 74
    References 74
    Chapter 4 Plant Viral Expression Vectors and Production of Biopharmaceuticals in Plants 77
    4.1 Introduction 77
    4.2 Plant RNA Virus Expression Systems 78
    4.3 Summary 92
    References 93
    Chapter 5 Glycosylation of Therapeutic Proteins in Plants 99
    5.1 Introduction 99
    5.2 N-Glycosylation 101
    5.3 Differences in N-Glycosylation Patterns between Plants and Mammals 102
    5.4 Plant-Made Pharmaceuticals and Plant Allergens... 102
    5.5 Strategies to Humanize Recombinant Proteins in Plants 103
    5.6 O-Glycosylation 108
    5.7 Sialic Acid in Plants 109
    5.8 Glycosylation of Immunoglobulins Produced in Plants 109
    5.9 Other Therapeutic Proteins 111
    5.10 Conclusions 112
    References 112
    Chapter 6 Scale-Up of Plant-Derived Pharmaceuticals: Prospects for Commercial Production and for Global Health 117
    6.1 Introduction 117
    6.2 Plant-Made Pharmaceuticals on the Market 121
    6.3 Scale-Up of Production of Biopharmaceuticals in Plants 121
    6.4 Application of Virus Expression Vectors for Large-Scale Field Trials 123
    6.5 Production of Biopharmaceuticals in Plant Suspension Cells 126
    6.6 Comparison of Cell Culture over Whole Plants for Biopharmaceutical Production
    6.7 Other Expression Systems for Large-Scale Production of Biopharmaceuticals
    6.8 Downstream Processing of Plant-Derived Biopharmaceuticals 134
    6.9 Driving Forces behind Plant-Made Biopharmaceuticals: The General Market Environment 137
    6.10 Conclusions 141
    References 141
    Chapter 7 The Immune Response to Plant-Derived Pharmaceuticals 147
    7.1 Introduction 147
    7.2 The Immune System in General 148
    7.3 T Cells 149
    7.4 B Cells 149
    7.5 Antibodies and the Immune Response 151
    7.6 The Concept of Vaccination and Immune Imprinting 154
    7.7 Organization of the Mucosal Immune System 155
    7.8 Secretory IgA and the Mucosal Epithelium 156
    7.9 Mucosal Immune Response of the Respiratory Tract 157
    7.10 Oral Tolerance 158
    7.11 Preclinical and Clinical Trials Involving Plant-Derived Vaccines 162
    7.12 Diarrheal Diseases 162
    7.13 Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) 165
    7.14 Rabies Virus 166
    7.15 Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 166
    7.16 Anthrax 167
    7.17 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) 167
    7.18 Measles Virus 168
    7.19 Influenza Virus 169
    7.20 Swine-Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus 169
    7.21 Canine Parvovirus 169
    7.22 Oral Tolerance to Antigens 170
    7.23 Conclusions 170
    References 171
    Chapter 8 Risk Analysis and Safety of Plant-Made Biopharmaceuticals 177
    8.1 Introduction 177
    8.2 Risk Analysis and Plant-Based Biopharmaceuticals 178
    8.3 Regulation of Plant-Made Biopharmaceuticals 179
    8.4 Quality Control and the Manufacturing of the Product 181
    8.5 Impact of Plant-Made Biopharmaceuticals on Human Health 184
    8.6 Impact of Plant-Made Biopharmaceuticals on the Environment 185
    8.7 Avoiding Transgene Silencing 189
    8.8 Conclusions 190
    References 191
    Chapter 9 Epilogue: The Future 195
    9.1 The Current State of Plant-Made Biopharmaceuticals 195
    Index 197