Molecular biology and biotechnology / edited by John M. Walker and Ralph Rapley. — 5th ed. — Cambridge, UK : Royal Society of Chemistry, c2009. – (58.17/M718c/5th ed.) |
Contents
Contents
Chapter 1 Basic Molecular Biology Techniques
1.1 Enzymes Used in Molecular Biology
1.2 Isolation and Separation of Nucleic Acids
1.3 Electrophoresis of Nucleic Acids
1.4 Restriction Mapping of DNA Fragments
1.5 Nucleic Acid Analysis Methods
1.6 Gene Probe Derivation
1.7 Labelling DNA Gene Probe Molecules
1.8 The Polymerase Chain Reaction References
Chapter 2 Molecular Cloning and Protein Expression
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Host-related Issues
2.3 Vectors
2.4 Expression Systems
2.5 Problems
2.6 Fusion Proteins
2.7 Other Hosts
2.8 Cell-free Systems
2.9 Conclusion
References
Chapter 3 Molecular Diagnostics
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Technologies
3.3 The Infectious Disease Paradigm
3.4 Genetics
3.5 Hematology
3.6 Oncology
3.7 Pharmacogenomics
3.8 Conclusion
References
Chapter 4 Molecular Microbial Diagnostics
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Classical Microbiological Diagnosis
4.3 Sample Collection and Nucleic Acid Purification
4.4 Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques
4.5 Other Techniques Used in Clinical Microbiology
4.6 Selected Examples of Clinical Nucleic Acid-based Diagnosis
4.7 Conclusion and Future Challenges
References
Chapter 5 Genes and Genomes
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Key DNA Technologies
5.3 The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
5.4 DNA Sequencing
5.5 Genome Analysis
5.6 Genome Projects Background
5.7 Gene Discovery and Localisation
5.8 Future Directions References
Chapter 6 The Biotechnology and Molecular Biology of Yeast
6.1 Introduction
6.2 The Production of Heterologous Proteins by Yeast
6.3 From Re-engineering Genomes to Constructing Novel Signal and Biochemical Pathways
6.4 Yeast as a Paradigm of Eukaryotic Cellular Biology
6.5 Future Prospects
References
Chapter 7 Metabolic Engineering
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Theoretical Approaches for Metabolic Networks
7.3 Experimental Approaches for Metabolic Engineering
7.4 Examples in Metabolic Engineering
7.5 Omics Technologies Open New Perspectives for Metabolic Engineering
7.6 Acknowledgement
References
Chapter 8 Bionanotechnology
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Semiconductor Quantum Dots
8.3 Magnetic Nanoparticles
8.4 Zerovalent Noble Metal Nanoparticles
8.5 Making Nanoscale Structures Using Biotechnology
8.6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 9 Molecular Engineering of Antibodies
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Antibodies as Therapeutics
9.3 Antibody Structure and Function
9.4 Chimeric Antibodies
9.5 Antibody Humanization
9.6 Antibodies from Diversity Libraries and Display Technologies
9.7 Engineering Antibody Affinity
9.8 Enhancing Antibody Potency
9.9 Conclusion
References
Chapter 10 Plant Biotechnology
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Applications of Molecular Biology to Speed Up the Processes of Crop Improvement
10.3 Transgenic Technologies
10.4 Applications of Transgenic Technologies
10.5 Engineering Crop Resistance to Herbicides
10.6 Engineering Resistance to Pests And Diseases
10.7 Manipulating Male Sterility
10.8 Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses
10.9 Manipulating Quality
10.10 Production of Plant Polymers and Biodegradable Plastics
10.11 Plants as Bioreactors: Biopharming and Neutraceuticals
10.12 Plant Biotechnology in Forestry
10.13 Intellectual Property
10.14 Public Acceptance
10.15 Future Prospects
References
Chapter 11 Biotechnology-based Drug Discovery
11.1 Introduction to Drug Discovery
11.2 New Biotechnologies for Drug Discovery
11.3 Genomic Technologies for Drug Discovery
11.4 Role of Proteomics in Drug Discovery
11.5 Metabolomic and Metabonomic Technologies for Drug Discovery
11.6 Role of Nanobiotechnology in Drug Discovery
11.7 Role of Biomarkers in Drug Discovery
11.8 Screening in Drug Discovery
11.9 Target Validation Technologies
11.10 Antisense for Drug Discovery
11.11 RNAi for Drug Discovery
11.12 Biochips and Microarrays for Drug Discovery
11.13 Applications of Bioinformatics in Drug Discovery
11.14 Role of Model Organisms in Drug Discovery
11.15 Chemogenomic Approach to Drug Discovery
11.16 Virtual Drug Development
11.17 Role of Biotechnology in Lead Generation and Validation
11.18 Conclusion
References
Chapter 12 Vaccines
12.1 An Overview of Vaccines and Vaccination
12.2 Types of Vaccines in Current Use
12.3 The Need for New Vaccines
12.4 New Approaches to Vaccine Development
12.5 Adjuvants
References
Chapter 13 Tissue Engineering
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Cell Types
13.3 Extracellular Matrix
13.4 Tissue Engineering Concepts
13.5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 14 Transgenesis
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Transgenesis by DNA Pronuclear Injection
14.3 Gene Targeting by Homologous Recombination in Embryonic Stem Cells
14.4 Conditional Gene Targeting
14.5 Phenotypic Analysis of Genetically Modified Mice
14.6 Ethical and Animal Welfare Considerations
14.7 Conclusions
14.8 Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 15 Protein Engineering
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Tools of the Trade
15.3 Applications
15.4 Conclusions and Future Directions References
Chapter 16 Immobilisation of Enzymes and Cells
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Biocatalysts
16.3 Immobilisation
16.4 Properties of Immobilised Biocatalysts
16.5 Applications
References
Chapter 17 Downstream Processing
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Initial Considerations and Primary Recovery
17.3 Protein Precipitation
17.4 Chromatography
17.5 Alternatives to Packed Bed Chromatography
17.6 Design of Biomolecules for Downstream Processing
17.7 Scaledown Methods
17.8 Validation and Robustness
17.9 Formulation and Antiviral Treatments
17.10 Current Developments and Future Directions
References
Chapter 18 Biosensors
18.1 Introduction
18.2 The Biological Reaction
18.3 Theory
18.4 Electrochemical Methods
18.5 Piezoelectric Biosensors
18.6 Optical Biosensors
18.7 Whole Cell Biosensors
18.8 Receptor-based Sensors
18.9 Conclusion
References
Chapter 19 Biofuels and Biotechnoiogy
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Production of the Major Biofuels
19.3 Application of Biotechnology Tools to Biofuels Processes
19.4 Future Perspectives
References
Subject Index